超声多普勒在椎动脉型颈椎病患者 颅外段椎动脉检测中的应用

Application of Doppler Ultrasound in the Detection of Extracranial Vertebral Artery in Patients with Vertebral Artery Type Cervical Spondylopathy

摘要:

〔摘 要〕 目的：探究超声多普勒在椎动脉型颈椎病患者颅外段椎动脉检测中的应用价值。 方法：选取 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 7 月期间东莞市水乡中心医院收治的椎动脉型颈椎病患者 100 例进行研究，随机对 50 例患者进行转颈试验（转颈组）， 剩余 50 例为非转颈组，另选同期健康体检者 50 例为对照组。对患者进行超声多普勒诊断，比较不同组别之间受检对象颅 外段椎动脉形态结构、血流动力学参数差异。 结果：非转颈组患者椎动脉入横突孔位置异常比例高于转颈组与对照组，且 与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；转颈组与非转颈组患者椎动脉走行迂曲比例均高于对照组，差异具有统 计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；转颈组患者椎动脉走行迂曲比例低于非转颈组，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。转颈组与非转 颈组患者椎动脉收缩期峰值流速（Vmax）、舒张末期血流速度（Vmin）小于对照组，血管阻力指数（RI）大于对照组，差 异均具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；转颈组患者椎动脉 Vmax、Vmin 小于非转颈组，RI 大于非转颈组，但差异无统计学意 义（P ＞ 0.05）。 结论：在椎动脉型颈椎病患者颅外段椎动脉检测中应用超声多普勒，可以通过观察颅外段椎动脉形态结构、 血流动力学参数进行疾病诊断。

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the value of ultrasound Doppler in the detection of extracranial vertebral artery in patients with vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis. Methods A total of 100 patients with vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis admitted to Dongguan Waterfront Zone Central Hospital from March 2020 to July 2021 were selected for the study. 50 patients were randomly selected for a neck rotation test (neck rotation group), and the remaining 50 cases were in the non-turned neck group, another 50 cases of healthy physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The patients were diagnosed by ultrasound Doppler, and the differences in the morphological structure and hemodynamic parameters of the extracranial vertebral artery of the subjects were compared between different groups. Results The proportion of abnormal positions of the vertebral artery into the transverse process foramen in the non-necked neck group was higher than that in the neck-turned group and the control group, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05); The ratio of tortuous vertebral artery of patients in the neck-turned group and the non-necked neck group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); The ratio of tortuous vertebral artery of patients in the neck-turned group was lower than that in the non-neck-turned group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The vertebral artery peak systolic velocity (Vmax) and end-diastolic blood flow velocity (Vmin) of patients in the neck-turned and non-necked groups were lower than those of the control group, and the vascular resistance index (RI) was greater than that of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); Vmax and Vmin were lower than those in the non-necked neck group, and the RI of the vertebral artery in the neck-turned group was greater than in the non-turned-necked group, with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion The application of ultrasound doppler in the detection of the extracranial vertebral artery in patients with vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis can diagnose the disease by observing the morphological structure and hemodynamic parameters of the extracranial vertebral artery.