全科医生对辖区内老年 2 型糖尿病患 者运动行为因素评估的作用

The Role of General Practitioners in the Evaluation of Exercise Behavior Factors in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes within Their Jurisdiction

摘要:

〔摘 要〕 目的：探讨全科医生评估辖区内老年 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者运动行为因素的作用。方法：选取佳木 斯市传染病院所属保卫办街道辖区内 2021 年 1 月至 2021 年 10 月确诊的老年 2 型糖尿病患者 72 例，其中血糖控制满 意的 T2DM 患者 36 例为达标组，另外 36 例血糖控制不满意者为不达标组，用罗森伯格自尊量表、领悟社会支持量表、 运动认知调查表及自信承诺量表对两组患者做行为因素评估，分析老年 T2DM 患者达标与不达标者行为因素差异。 结果：未达标组患者的罗森伯格自尊量表各因子分值均低于达标组，差异均具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；未达标组 患者领悟社会支持量表中的 “ 家庭支持 ” 和 “ 朋友支持 ” 分数均比达标组低，差异均具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）； 运动认知调查表中除了 “ 专业指导 ” 因子外，未达标组的其他因子分值均显著低于达标组，差异均具有统计学意义 （P ＜ 0.05）；运动自信承诺量表中除了 “ 克服困难 ”，未达标组其他因子分值显著低于达标组，差异均具有统计学意义 （P ＜ 0.05）；运动自信承诺量表各因子分值与血糖均呈负相关（P ＜ 0.05）。结论：全科医生对辖区内 T2DM 患者 运动行为因素评估，有助于发现辖区内血糖控制不满意老年 T2DM 患者在社会支持、运动行为和运动认知等方面的 不足，对此提供更多社会支持、干预运动行为因素以及认知重建，可促进血糖控制效果。

关键词:2 型糖尿病;行为评估;社会支持;老年人

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the evaluation of motor behavior factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by general practitioners within their jurisdiction. Methods 72 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed from January 2021 to October 2021 in the district under the protection office of Jiamusi Infectious Disease Hospital were selected. Among them, 36 T2DM patients with satisfactory blood glucose were included in the standard group, and the other 36 patients with unsatisfactory blood glucose were included in the sub-standard group. Rosenberg self-esteem scale, perceived social support scale, motor cognition scale and confidence commitment scale were used to evaluate the behavioral factors of the two groups of patients, and to analyze the differences of behavioral factors between the elderly T2DM patients who reached the standard and those who did not. Results In the sub-standard group, the score of each factor of Rosenberg self-esteem scale was lower than that in the standard group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The scores of "family support" and "friend support" in the social support scale of patients in the sub-standard group were lower than those in the standard group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the motor cognition questionnaire, except for the "professional guidance" factor, the scores of other factors in the sub-standard group were significantly lower than those in the standard group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In the exercise confidence commitment scale, except for "overcoming difficulties", the scores of other factors in the sub-standard group were significantly lower than those in the standard group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the scores of each factor of the exercise confidence commitment scale and blood glucose (P < 0.05). ConclusionPhysicians' evaluation of motor behavior factors in T2DM patients in their jurisdiction is helpful to find the deficiency of social support, motor behavior and motor cognition in elderly T2DM patients with unsatisfactory blood glucose in their jurisdiction. Providing more social support, intervention of motor behavior factors and cognitive reconstruction can promote the effect of blood glucose control.

Key words:Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Behavior evaluation; Social support; Elderly