冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 术后发生心理障碍的影响因素

Influencing Factors of Psychological Disorders after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

摘要:

〔摘 要〕 目的：分析冠心病患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后的心理障碍发生现状及相关影响因素。方法： 选取 2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月郑州人民医院收治的 108 例行 PCI 术的冠心病患者，以汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA） 和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）在术后 1 周内调查患者的心理状况，根据结果将患者划分为心理障碍组和非心理障碍 组，以此为基础分析冠心病患者 PCI 术后发生心理障碍影响因素。结果：108 例冠心病患者中，有 47 例（43.52 %） 在 PCI 术后 1 周内发生心理障碍，其余 61 例患者未发生心理障碍；多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄＞ 50 岁、 病程≥ 1 年、残余狭窄、经济状况较差（＜ 5000 元·月 -1）是冠心病患者 PCI 术后发生心理障碍的危险因素（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论：年龄、病程、残余狭窄和经济状况是引起冠心病患者 PCI 术后心理障碍的危险因素，临床护理人员应予以针对 性的干预，规避患者负面情绪影响疗效与预后康复。

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the status and related influencing factors of psychological disorders in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 108 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI in Zhengzhou People's Hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were selected. The psychological status of the patients was investigated by Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) within 1 week after surgery, and the patients were divided into psychological disorders group and non-psychological disorders group according to the results. On this basis, the influencing factors of psychological disorders in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI were analyzed. Results Among 108 patients with coronary heart disease, 47 patients (43.52%) developed psychological disorders within 1 week after PCI, while the other 61 patients did not develop psychological disorders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age > 50 years, disease course ≥ 1 year, residual stenosis and poor economic status (< 5000 RMB·month-1) were the risk factors for psychological disorders in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI (P < 0.05). Conclusion Age, course of disease, residual stenosis and economic status are the risk factors causing psychological disorders in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI. Clinical nursing staff should provide targeted intervention to avoid negative emotions affecting the curative effect and prognosis of patients.