盆底超声对多次妊娠产妇产后盆底功能的评估价值

Evaluation Value of Pelvic Floor Ultrasound on Postpartum Pelvic Floor Function in Multiple Pregnancies

摘要:

〔摘 要〕 目的：探讨盆底超声对多次妊娠产妇产后盆底功能的评估价值。 方法：选取 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月 期间于郑州颐和医院妇产科复查的产后 42 d 的产妇 99 例，按产次不同进行分组，初产妇 46 例为 Ⅰ 组，经产妇 53 例 为 Ⅱ 组，另选取同期于郑州颐和医院进行健康体检的未育女性 50 例为对照组，三组研究对象均进行盆底超声检查， 测量在平静状态下以及 Valsalva 动作时，三组研究对象的膀胱尿道后角的角度和盆膈裂孔的面积以及膀胱颈移动度 情况。 结果：平静状态下以及 Valsalva 动作时，Ⅰ 组、Ⅱ 组孕妇的膀胱尿道后角角度、盆膈裂孔面积均大于对照组， 且 Ⅱ 组均大于 Ⅰ 组，差异均具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；Ⅰ 组、Ⅱ 组孕妇的膀胱颈移动度均大于对照组，且 Ⅱ 组均 大于 Ⅰ 组，差异均具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论：妊娠可损伤膀胱尿道等盆底结构和周围支持结构，影响盆底 功能，多次妊娠分娩的影响更大。

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the value of pelvic floor ultrasound in the evaluation of pelvic floor function in multiple pregnancies. Methods A total of 99 parturients 42 days after delivery who were reexamined in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were selected and divided into groups according to different parity, including 46 primiparas as group I and 53 multiparas as group II. In addition, 50 non fertile women who underwent physical examination in Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. All the three groups of subjects were examined with pelvic floor ultrasound, and measured under calm conditions and during Valsalva movements, the angle of the posterior corner of the bladder and urethra, the area of the pelvic diaphragmatic hole and the movement of the bladder neck were measured in the three groups. Results At calm state and during Valsalva movements, the posterior angle of bladder and urethra and the area of pelvic diaphragmatic hole of pregnant women in groups I and II were greater than those in the control group, and the indexes group II were greater than those in the group I, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The bladder neck mobility of pregnant women in the group I and group II were greater than those in the control group, and the index in group II was greater than that in the group I, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy can damage the pelvic floor structure and surrounding support structure, such as bladder and urethra, affect the pelvic floor function, and the impact of multiple pregnancies is more serious.