冠心病患者行 PCI 术后体力恢复情况及 冠状动脉再狭窄的危险因素分析

Analysis of Physical Recovery and Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Restenosis in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after PCI Treatment

摘要:

〔摘 要〕 目的：分析冠心病患者实施经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后体力恢复情况，并分析患者术后出现冠 状动脉再狭窄的危险因素。 方法：选择 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 1 日在新乡市第一人民医院接受 PCI 术治疗 的 100 例冠心病患者为研究对象，使用国际体力活动问卷测定患者术前、术后 7 d 时体力情况，将患者按照体力评分 区分为体力未恢复亚组和恢复亚组，收集两亚组患者的婚姻状况、自我效能等资料并进行赋值，并分析冠心病患者 行 PCI 术后体力恢复情况危险因素。对患者进行临床随访 6 个月，按照患者是否出现冠状动脉再狭窄区分为再狭窄 亚组和无狭窄亚组，收集两组患者的外周血糖化血红蛋白、血清尿酸、同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素、三酰甘油、总胆固 醇等各类资料并进行赋值，分析患者术后出现冠状动脉再狭窄的危险因素。 结果：入组 100 例患者术前量表评分为 （51.03 ± 6.32）分，术后 7 d 时量评分为（65.23 ± 4.15）分，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；多因素 logisitic 回 归分析显示，年龄、心功能分级以及自我效能得分是影响患者术后体力恢复的独立危险因素（P ＜ 0.05）。患者实施 为期 6 个月随访，显示有 39 例出现冠状动脉再狭窄，再狭窄发生率为 39 %；多因素 logisitic 回归分析显示，三酰甘 油以及总胆固醇水平是影响患者术后冠状动脉再狭窄的独立危险因素（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论：冠心病行 PCI 术后患者体 力较术前有明显改善，而年龄、心功能分级以及自我效能得分是影响患者术后体力恢复的独立危险因素。随访 6 个月 患者冠状动脉再狭窄发生率较高，其中三酰甘油以及总胆固醇水平是影响患者术后冠状动脉再狭窄的独立危险因素。

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the physical recovery of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment, and analyze the risk factors for postoperative coronary artery restenosis in patients. Methods A total of 100 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI treatment at Xinxiang First People's Hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 1, 2023 were selected as the research subjects. The international physical activity questionnaire was used to measure the physical of patients before and 7 days after surgery. Patients were divided into non recovery subgroup and recovery subgroup based on physical fitness scores. The marital status, self-efficacy, and other data of the two subgroups were collected and assigned values, and the risk factors for physical recovery of coronary heart disease patients after PCI treatment were analyzed. Follow up patients clinically for 6 months, and were divided into into restenosis subgroup and non restenosis subgroup based on whether they had coronary artery restenosis. Various data such as glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, homocysteine, total bilirubin, triglycerides, total cholesterol of the two groups were collected and assigned, and the risk factors of postoperative coronary restenosis were analyzed. Results The preoperative scale score of 100 patients enrolled was (51.03 ± 6.32) points, and the postoperative scale score at 7 days was (65.23 ± 4.15) points, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, cardiac function grading and self-efficacy score were independent risk factors for postoperative physical recovery (P < 0.05). The patient was followed up for 6 months and showed 39 cases of coronary artery restenosis, with a restenosis rate of 39%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that triglycerides and total cholesterol levels were independent risk factors for postoperative coronary artery restenosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion The physical strength of patients with coronary heart disease improved significantly after PCI, and age, cardiac function grade and self-efficacy score were independent risk factors for physical strength recovery. The incidence of coronary restenosis was higher in patients followed up for 6 months, and triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were independent risk factors for postoperative coronary restenosis.